═【立報】════════════════════════════
教 育 專 題 深 入 報 導
═══════════════════════《2003/03/14》═════
*****【本 期 內 容】
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教育專題 ◎ FBI
arrests 20 suspects in terror investigations Charges allege schemes to send
cash to Mideast
By Toni Locy and Kevin
Johnson
◎ （國際專版）趣味新聞
美國錢 你知道多少？
◎ 聯邦探員的工作
挽回美國人心 聯邦調查局強自振作 挽救威信 聯邦調查局努力振作
◎ （國際專版）網海深深
********************************************************************
◎ FBI
arrests 20 suspects in terror investigations Charges allege schemes to send
cash to Mideast
By Toni Locy and Kevin Johnson
¡]USA TODAY¡^
WASHINGTON--The FBI arrested 20 people
Wednesday in two terrorism investigations, including a high-profile Saudi
Arabian graduate student at the University of Idaho.
The arrests, part of an FBI effort to disrupt
networks that finance terrorism, stem from investigations of two groups of
defendants.
A grand jury in Syracuse, N.Y., accused four
men and two charities -- Help the Needy and Help the Needy Endowment Inc. --
with funneling $2.7 million to Iraq. Three of the men are in custody.
Sami Omar Al-Hussayen, 34, was arrested at
his apartment in Moscow, Idaho, on charges filed in Boise that he routed
thousands of dollars from Saudi sources to a Detroit Islamic group associated
with Help the Needy.
Grand juries in Wisconsin and Mississippi
charged 16 people with sending money to the Middle East from a coupon
redemption scam involving 300 stores in 15 states. The FBI is investigating how
the money was used. All 16 suspects were arrested.
Al-Hussayen, a past president of the Muslim
students' association at the University of Idaho, is seeking his doctorate in
computer science with an emphasis on guarding computer systems from
cyberattack, prosecutors said. He allegedly set up and operated a half-dozen
Web sites for the Islamic Assembly of North America in Detroit.
The Web sites contained messages from Islamic
militants that appeared to promote violent attacks against U.S. interests. One
of the messages appeared just before the Sept. 11 attacks.
University of Idaho spokeswoman Nancy
Hilliard says Al-Hussayen, one of 13 Saudi students at the school, worked as a teacher's
assistant in the computer science department, where he has been a doctoral
candidate since 1999.
''As far as we knew,'' Hilliard says, ''he
was a scholar and student.''
Dave Thompson, dean of the university's
College of Engineering, says Al-Hussayen's arrest is ''one of those weird
circumstances when you are caught completely off guard. We are proud of our
international students here, but we also support our government's homeland
security efforts.''
According to the Idaho indictment, Al-Hussayen
served as the Idaho agent for the Detroit group. The grand jury in Syracuse
accused four other men -- including an oncologist in Fayetteville, N.Y., and
another man who worked as an imam at the nearby Auburn Correctional Facility --
of conspiring to launder money bound for Iraq through a Jordanian bank.
Al-Hussayen also is charged with lying on his
student visa application by failing to disclose his association with the
Detroit group. The five other men are charged with violating presidential
orders barring dealings with Iraq.
The FBI says the group of 16 defendants
caused more than $4 million in losses for companies that offered coupons. The
stores accused in the scam allegedly turned in huge amounts of coupons for
redemption, even though the products were never purchased.
◎（國際專版）趣味新聞
美國錢 你知道多少？
說明：
掌管財政部的人，決定紙幣上的人物。至於硬幣上的人物肖像，則是由美國國會決定。讓我們認識一下有哪些重要人物能被印鑄在美國錢幣上！
硬幣：有別於紙幣，雖然美國的硬幣以「分」（cent）為單位，但是，還是有其他的稱呼，你知道嗎？
1分（1cent, penny）：亞伯拉罕．林肯，美國第16任總統（1861～1865）
5分（5cents, nickel）：湯瑪斯．傑佛遜，美國第3任總統（1801～1809）
10分（10cents, dime）：富蘭克林．羅斯福，美國第32任總統（1933～1945）
25分（25cents, quarter）：喬治．華盛頓，美國國父（1789～1797）
50分（50cents, half-dollar）：約翰．甘迺迪，美國第35任總統（1961～1963）
1元（1dollar, silver）：蘇珊．安東尼，19世紀的女權領導人。
紙幣：
1元：喬治．華盛頓
2元：湯瑪斯．傑佛遜
5元：亞伯拉罕．林肯
10元：亞歷山大．漢彌爾頓，美國1一任財政部長（1789～1795）
20元：安德魯．傑克森，美國第7任總統（1829～1837）
50元：尤里西斯．葛蘭特，美國第18任總統（1869～1877）
100元：班．富蘭克林，發明家，印刷家，愛國者。
500元：威廉．麥金利，美國第25任總統（1897～1901）。
以下這個幣值只有銀行在使用。從1945年以後，500美元幣值以上的紙幣便不再發行。
1千元：葛洛夫．克里夫蘭，美國第22任、第24任總統（1885～1889及1893～1897）。
5千元：詹姆士．麥迪遜，美國第4任總統（1861～1864）
1萬元：賽門．卻斯，美國財政部長（1861～1864）
10萬元：伍卓爾．威爾遜，美國第28任總統（1913～1921）。
原文：
Most of the people pictured on bills now in circulation are former presidents
of the United States. The exceptions are Ben Franklin（$100 bill）, Alexander Hamilton（$10
bill）and Salmon P. Chase（$10,000 bill.）
"We don't really know why anyone is there," said Claudia
Dickens of the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which prints paper money.
"When we were a country just getting started with a lot of people who
didn't speak English, it was thought that pictures of prominent statesman would
help people recognize the bills."
Recognition doesn't matter so much now and that's a good thing. Would
you recognize Salmon P. Chase?
Coins, on the other hand, have been used to honor specific people. For
example, Congress voted to put President John F. Kennedy on the half-dollar in
1964, after he was assassinated in November 1963.
The other side of the money, the "tails" side of the coin, is
interesting too.
The reverse of the Lincoln penny is the Lincoln Memorial. That makes
sense. But the George Washington quarter has recently been used to commemorate
the individual states in the order they joined the United States.
The Jefferson nickel has a picture of Jefferson's home at Monticello,
Virginia. Now Congress is considering changing that to commemorate the 300th
anniversary of the Louisiana Purchase (the purchase of 828,000 square miles
from France that doubled the size of the United States) and the Lewis and Clark
expedition.
（2003 The Washington Post Company）
◎聯邦探員的工作 挽回美國人心 聯邦調查局強自振作 挽救威信 聯邦調查局努力振作
編譯▓賴明芝
前不久，被美國聯邦調查局列為通緝要犯的蓋達組織領導成員卡立德．穆罕默德，在巴基斯坦落網，並將交付美國審判。白宮指出，卡立德是911恐怖事件的主要策劃者。據信，他還涉及計畫在美國境內發動更多攻擊。
美國官員表示，卡立德在蓋達組織的地位，僅次於賓‧拉登及他的智囊顧問札瓦希里；他也是1993年美國世界貿易中心爆炸案策劃者的叔叔，而他的哥哥也是蓋達成員。美國聯邦調查局將之列為重要通緝犯，懸賞獎金高達2千5百萬美元。
911後 各方抨擊如箭射至
自從911恐怖攻擊事件後，美國聯邦調查局的情治功能一直遭到批評。這次能逮到卡立德，美國政府相當高興。而防範恐怖攻擊，則成了聯邦調查局的首要之務。
今年2月，美國聯邦調查局透露，目前約有1千名歐薩瑪‧賓‧拉登的支持者，分別住在美國30個城市裡。有些人只是在立場上同情蓋達組織，但有些人則是以行動表達支持之意，甚至與海外恐怖組織網絡常有聯繫。
聯邦調查局華府調查站主任艾慕生說，目前已加強監聽、跟蹤，有時故意讓他們知道他們已被注意。
現在，聯邦調查局努力想要調整形象，對全美民眾展現專業情治單位的形象，而不只是監控美國國內的犯罪問題。但是，在此之前，聯邦調查局形象不好，不只是淪為打擊犯罪的聯邦警察而已，聯邦調查局扯出來的烏龍事件，多到讓人當笑話看。
鬧烏龍
又丟電腦又掉配槍
其中又以2001年7月爆發的電腦弄丟事件最有名。當時，有聯邦調查局官員披露說，目前，聯邦調查局已丟失了近2百台筆記本電腦，其中一台電腦還儲存了機密信息，另外還有3台也可能存有機密。更糟的是，除電腦外，FBI還丟失了約450件武器。還有聯邦探員表示，一部分弄丟的武器已被犯罪分子利用。就連配在身上用的槍支都可以搞丟，聯邦探員成了笑柄。
還記得奧克拉哈馬爆炸案的主凶麥克維（Timothy Mcvigh）被判執行死刑的案子嗎？後來麥克維的死刑執行被延遲，可不完全是為了人道考量；FBI向麥克維的辯護律師提供資料時，遺漏了數千頁重要文件，才是主要原因。
聯邦調查局對美國政府的形象而言，實在是太重要了。如果聯邦調查局無法贏得外界的信任，社會大眾的安全感必然驟失許多。也難怪美國司法部長宣布對聯邦調查局展開徹底調查評鑑。去年年中，本來聯邦調查局要求增加預算，增聘近千名著重電腦、外語和科學專長的工作人員，其中5百人將在 FBI 總部擔任分析師。但是，這個預算的要求最後還是遭到駁回。
聯邦調查局要想恢復以往的榮耀，不重新花時間和經歷加以經營，是不可能會實現的。
◎（國際專版）網海深深
1. 上網認識美國印鈔局
網址：http://www.usmint.gov/kids/
在大略知道美國硬幣及紙幣上的人物之後，你可以上美國印鈔局的網站玩遊戲喔！而老師們也可以利用這個網站，教小朋友認識相關的知識。至於錢幣的觀念，裡頭的camp coin單元，也可以讓你獲益匪淺。
2.來張 FBI的識別證吧！
看美國的電視影集或是電影，總可以看到聯邦探員掏出識別證，那個帥氣的動作！你想過過乾癮嗎？只要你登上網址：http://www.fbi.gov/kids/k5th/kidsk5th.htm，就有辦法啦！由於這是為美國的小朋友設計的網站，上頭的英文不會很難。而且，也有遊戲可以玩喔！