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教 育 專 題 深 入 報 導
═══════════════════════《2003/05/30》═════
*****【本 期 內 容】
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教育專題 ◎ （國際專版）（文1）英文部分：誰說女人不會爬聖母峰？
◎ （國際專版）（文1）中文部分：誰說女人不會爬聖母峰？
◎ （國際專版）（文2）英文部分：攀登聖母峰，雪巴人最猛
◎ （國際專版）（文3）中文部分：登上聖母峰年紀最長者：70歲日本老翁
◎ （國際專版）（文4）中文部分：首位非洲黑人登上聖母峰
◎ 6月徵文
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◎ （國際專版）（文1）英文部分：誰說女人不會爬聖母峰？
A Woman Can't Climb Everest, but She Did
Wed May 28, 2003 10:12 AM ET
By Terry Friel
KATHMANDU (Reuters) - Almost 30 years ago, disapproving traditionalists
in Japan's deeply conservative society tried to persuade Junko Tabei that a
woman could never climb Mount Everest -- and shouldn't even try.
Today, the 63-year-old mother of two is still climbing mountains and as
the first woman to reach the top of Everest, in 1975, is one of the key guests in
Nepal's celebrations marking Thursday's 50th anniversary of the first ascent.
"Some people really tried to stop me," she said on Wednesday,
her voice hoarse from too many official functions and interviews. "But I
knew I could do it.
"In the 1970s in Japanese culture, the status of women was much
lower than it is now. Usually, people think a woman should be at home looking
after the children."
The diminutive Tabei is still fit and trim and roams the world each
year climbing, often traveling to Nepal where she is also heavily involved in
environmental work for the Sherpa communities near Mount Everest.
In 1992, Tabei also became the first woman to achieve mountaineering's
other holy grail, climbing the seven highest peaks on the seven continents.
"I like meeting unknown challenges," she said. "When I
meet an unknown challenge, I really feel alive.
"Life in the city is very very easy. When you are in the mountains
you have nothing. You can look at what life really is. I like to take time to
think about my life."
TOO EASY
Like Sir Edmund Hillary, who along with Nepali Sherpa Tenzing Norgay
was the first to reach the Everest summit on the morning of May 29, 1953, Tabei
is scathing about the commercial climbing that dominates the mountain today.
Every climbing season now, companies lay ladders across the deep
crevasses of the Khumbu icefall and rig ropes along the heights for clients who
pay up to $65,000 for a shot at the summit at 29,035 feet.
"When we climbed, everything had to be done by our own team,"
she said. "Nowadays, they just follow other people's trails -- it's like a
toll way. I don't call that real climbing."
Tabei and Hillary, now stooped and 83, are among about 450 Everest
summiteers in Nepal for elaborate festivities that the country hopes will help
revive a vital tourism industry all but destroyed by a Maoist rebellion that
has killed at least 7,200 people since 1996.
It is spending tens of thousands of dollars on celebrations and
publicity, but the festivities were marred on Wednesday when a helicopter
crashed as it tried to land at the Everest base camp, killing two Nepali crew
members.
Tabei's list of major peaks she has summitted runs to almost two A4
pages, closely spaced, but she's still looking for new mountains to climb.
Three decades after her historic Everest ascent, she still thinks women
lag behind men -- pointing out fewer than 100 of the 1,200 people who have
reached the top are women.
"Until men spend more time at home to support women, things won't change.
It's still hard for women to climb mountains," she said, laughing.
◎（國際專版）（文1）中文部分：誰說女人不會爬聖母峰？
文賴明芝
誰說女人不會爬聖母峰？約莫30年前，日本女性田部井（Junko Tabei），就打破了這項迷思，讓世人知道，女人絕對可以爬聖母峰。從此，段段續續都有女性參加這場十分消耗體力的盛舉。台灣的女性也沒有在這方面缺席，1995年，現任中華山岳協會秘書長梁明本帶領了12名台灣人攀登聖母峰。順利攻頂的兩人當中，江秀珍就是一位。江秀珍成為第一位漢族女性登頂成功者。
今年各國攻頂的隊伍裡，也有女性參與。日前打破世界紀錄，成為登上聖母峰年紀最輕的，正是1名約15歲的雪巴族少女明吉帕。尼泊爾登山協會人員說，明吉帕與她30歲的姊姊，和24歲的哥哥，跟隨1支羅馬尼亞探險隊，登上聖母峰。原本登上聖母峰年紀最輕的紀錄保持人，是尼泊爾公民譚巴‧契利。
田部井也出席了今年在尼泊爾首都加德滿都舉辦的慶祝會，慶祝人類征服珠峰50週年紀念日。田部井說，當年她打算攀登聖母峰的時候，有不少人加以勸阻，而那個年代的日本社會相當保守，對女人的期望是在家洗衣、煮飯、帶孩子。可是，她卻喜歡迎接未知的挑戰，說什麼也要成行，因為，她知道她絕對能夠辦的到。
◎（國際專版）（文2）英文部分：攀登聖母峰，雪巴人最猛
文賴明芝
2003年5月25日，尼泊爾25歲的雪巴嚮導彭巴杜濟（Pemba Dorjie）在加德滿都戴著傳統的頭帽，接受眾人為其舉辦的慶祝會，因為他在23日以12小時45分鐘爬上世界第一高峰聖母峰，創下世界最快紀錄。
不過，彭巴杜濟高興不了幾天，就只能把這個光環拱手讓給別人了。因為到了26日又有1名雪巴人以10小時56分的時間攻頂成功，再度改寫這項紀錄。今年35歲的雪巴人蓋魯，從海拔5300公尺的基地營出發，結果只花了10個小時多就登頂成功。蓋魯的紀錄還比彭巴杜濟快上兩個小時。
在攀登聖母峰這方面，雪巴人的功力實在了得，這或許和他們都是在喜馬拉雅山區長大有關。不少雪巴人在年輕的時候，就開始幫人背負登山裝備當嚮導。一般人這輩子能登上聖母峰一次，恐怕就已經很了不得了。看看蓋魯，這可是他第10次登上聖母峰了。爬聖母峰，一般人比次數，雪巴人則比速度。
◎（國際專版）（文3）中文部分：登上聖母峰年紀最長者：70歲日本老翁
文賴明芝
去年5月，有1個65歲的日本人登上聖母峰，成為攀登聖母峰年齡最高的人。但今年，他的紀錄卻被日本同胞給打破了。1名70歲的日本教授登上聖母峰，成為目前攀登聖母峰年齡最高者。目前尼泊爾當局只有禁止16以下的人攀登聖母峰，但是對年齡的限制卻沒有上限。不過，尼泊爾觀光部說，尼泊爾即將公佈新措施，除了對每年攀登聖母峰人數有所限制，登山客的年齡也將有所規範。
這位來自北海道札晃的日本教授三浦雄一郎，平常就喜歡滑雪，他兒子三浦豪太，1個日本攝影師村口?行跟1個尼泊爾嚮導，陪他登上聖母峰。三浦雄一郎是「記念?際高等?校」校長，所以，這支登山隊還被稱為「三浦校長隊」。陪他登山的二兒子則是冬季長野５輪日本代表選手。這一行人從8450公尺基地站花9小時，登上海拔8850公尺高的聖母峰。
◎（國際專版）（文4）中文部分：首位非洲黑人登上聖母峰
文賴明芝
1953年5月29日，紐西蘭的登山者希拉瑞（Edmund Hillary）及1名協助攜帶登山器材的雪巴人（Sherpa），成功攀登聖母峰頂，成為人類第一位征服世界最高峰的人；今年，尼泊爾首都加德滿都特地舉行了一場登上聖母峰50週年的慶祝會。
就在距離慶祝會不到一個禮拜的時候，有個好消息傳來了，今年32歲的非洲黑人維南（Sibusiso Vilane）成功登上聖母峰，成為登上世界最高峰的第一位非洲黑人。
南非總統姆貝基立即盛讚這位南非青年「使南非人驕傲的抬頭挺胸走了出去」。南非認為維南是南非人，但史瓦濟蘭卻認定他是史瓦濟蘭人，結果有兩個國家都要爭取分享這個榮耀。這是因為維南自己跑到南非工作，但是妻子和3個小孩仍住在史瓦濟蘭首都墨巴本的緣故。
前不久，南非也有1個6人的登山隊，幾乎快要達成登上聖母峰的目標。他們都已經爬到距離聖母峰頂3百公尺之處，但因風大，兩次攻頂都失敗折返。後來，這批登山隊最後因實在是太疲憊，以致於決定放棄登上世界最高峰的目標。
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