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教 育 專 題 深 入 報 導《2007-12-28》 |
本期內容 | |
◎國際專題:送禮的藝術與文化 | |
◎佳節送禮 男女有別 | |
◎循環禮物 繞著英國跑 | |
◎上網點擊做慈善 也是種佳節禮物 |
國際專題:送禮的藝術與文化 | |
策劃、編譯■陳銳嬪 | |
節慶的氣氛從12月就開始蔓延,從耶誕節、元旦、公司尾牙到農曆新年,送禮是不可或缺的一件事。 送禮是一件簡單的小事,背後卻藏著很多學問,希望本期專題可以幫助你選購一份好禮物。 而這個佳期,除了實體的禮物,更有意思的禮物其實是上網做慈善。 無論公司或個人,都可以貢獻自己的能力,讓這個佳節過得更有意義,充滿更多歡樂。 |
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佳節送禮 男女有別 | |
瑪格烈‧洛可(Margaret Rucker)收到最糟糕的禮物是陶瓷做的沉思者塑像,這是她的結婚禮物。這個禮物被她封箱很久,不久前才被出清到二手商店。 她一直想不通,為什麼有人會送這樣的禮物給新娘?這引領她從學術面開始思考送禮的藝術。 洛可是加州大學戴維斯分校紡織與服裝系的教授,她的研究範疇包括消費者決策、國內外市場以及衣服的健康與安全變項等等。但是在過去20年來,她進行了很多關於送禮趨勢、男女送禮的不同以及文化如何影響送禮等研究。 在這個歲末年初、送禮佳節到來的時候,有誰比洛可更有資格告訴大家,什麼是好的禮物、什麼是壞的禮物、在怎樣的情況下可以轉送禮物? 11月28日的一場校內演講內,洛可與加州大學戴維斯分校的師生分享了她的研究發現。她的演講題目是:「女人來自金星,男人來自銀行。」在演講中,她分享了她的觀察,告訴大家男生與女生如何看待禮物這回事。 「男人會思考禮物的價錢,但是女人看待禮物,多了感性與社會互動。」洛可如是說。 當洛可詢問情侶,他(她)們的伴侶會花多少錢為他(她)們準備禮物的時候,男生通常會低估禮物的價錢,而女生則會高估男生送的禮物價錢。洛可認為,這或許源自大家對男生的印象,認為男生是負擔家計的人,也是一個好的供應者。 性別差異也出現在看待轉送禮物這件事上,洛可的研究發現,男生對轉送禮物的接受度比女生高。 根據洛可這些年來所進行的研究,她發展出了何謂好禮物與壞禮物的定義。在她來說,好禮物是:顯示收禮者的喜好、長久耐用以標示對這段關係的承諾、必須要足夠貴重以顯示送禮者的心意、出其不意給收禮者驚喜──這可能會有反效果,因為收禮者可能沒有禮物可以回送給你。 但是另外一方面,壞禮物的定義可以是:很便宜的小禮物因為這代表送禮者不用心、一般且適合所有人的禮物、搞笑禮物、實用的禮物、一系列收藏品的其中一個(因為收藏者享受自己收集的過程)、收禮者一直想要的禮物、收禮者告訴送禮者他所想要的禮物。 洛可表示,目前送禮的趨勢是轉送禮物、線上購物以及購買具有社會責任的禮物。 她建議大家度過假期的方法包括,進行服務以幫助需要的人、購買當地生產的產品、用可循環使用的包裝如絲巾或購物袋包裝禮物以及捐款給需要的機構。 |
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循環禮物 繞著英國跑 | |
在這個耶誕節,英國人會轉送7千3百萬個不想要的禮物,這些被傳來傳去的禮物總值估計有2億6千4百萬鎊。 由花旗集團在英國的金融服務子公司進行的調查顯示,53%的人平均會收到3個不想要的耶誕禮物,接近一半的人會把這些禮物轉送他人。 女人最會轉送禮物,有一半的人承認送出二手禮物,只有2/5的男人會這麼做。 在1千名受訪者中,37%的人其實有鑑別的品味,他們說他們只會把「好」禮物轉送出去。 花旗集團英國子公司的主要市場職員艾利森瑞特指出:「在選購耶誕禮物時,大多數的人總是買不到完美的禮物。」 「但是記住誰給你什麼禮物是很重要的,這樣你才不會失禮──在不小心的情況下,把別人送給你的耶誕禮物回送給他。」 (路透社) Britons are set to recycle 73 million unwanted gifts this Christmas, passing on presents worth an estimated 264 million pounds ($526.4 million). Some 53 percent of people receive an average of three unwanted Christmas gifts, and almost half of these are given to someone else, a survey for Citi a British financial services subsidiary of global banking firm Citigroup. Women are the most prolific recyclers, with nearly half admitting to giving second-hand gifts compared to only two-fifths of men. But 37 percent of the 1,000 people polled have discerning taste -- saying they only pass on "nice" presents. "A great number of us are missing the mark when it comes to buying the perfect Christmas gift," says Alison Wright, chief marketing officer at Citi UK. "But it is important to remember who gave each gift to ensure you do not commit the ultimate Christmas faux pas -- and give somebody their unwanted gift back by mistake." REUTERS |
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上網點擊做慈善 也是種佳節禮物 | |
在這個假日,錢包變輕了但是想要做慈善?透過有趣簡單的網站,你依舊可以幫助你想要幫助的機構,而且不必花費一毛錢。 這其中最廣為人知的慈善網站,是與聯合國糧食計劃署合作的Free Rice(www.freerice.com),每天有50萬人登入該網站玩文字遊戲,同時捐助食物幫助饑餓的人,費用由該網站的廣告主贊助。 Free Rice是電腦工程師約翰‧波瑞恩所創設的,他當時只是要建立詞彙遊戲,以幫助兒子準備大學入學考試。 到目前為止,648噸米透過這個網站捐出。 不想玩文字遊戲的人,也有其他慈善網站可供選擇,包括拯救動物網站(www.theanimalrescuesite.com)。 每一次訪客點擊網頁右邊的紫色方塊,捐款就會用來為浪流動物購買食物與提供住處。這個網站會告訴大家,當你點擊時,多少錢會被捐獻。所有的過程皆由贊助者贊助。 慈善美國(CharityUSA.com)首席執行員郝絲特指出:「錢來自任何地方,人們捐獻這些錢,因為他們願意採取快速的行動。」 你可以到他們的線上商店選購珠寶、衣服或者飾品,收入的一部份,最高達30%,將會捐給該組織。包裝禮品的內容從餵食被拯救的野馬(22美元)到支付阿富汗教師的薪水(40美元),不一而足。 慈善美國進行的慈善活動範圍很廣,有乳癌、兒童健康、讀寫能力、饑餓甚至搶救瀕臨消失的熱帶雨林。 郝絲特表示:「我們收到很多感謝的回應。此外,也有很多人詢問這個系統的運作過程。」 與此同時,一些企業不再送水果蛋糕、滑鼠墊或者桌曆給客戶。反之,他們也加入佳節慈善的行列。 一家銷售公司NSI,去年開始寄送「付出的喜悅」佳節賀卡給客戶、員工與賣主。 這個電子賀卡上有10個慈善團體的選項,包括美國癌症協會、許願基金會、密蘇里州人道協會等等。NCI將會依據這些團體的點擊數來給予捐款,獲得越多點擊數的團體將會獲得越多捐款。 NSI首席執行員馬可‧蒙塔瓦尼表示,今年的反應比去年好。該公司大約寄出1千份佳節電子賀卡。 他說:「我們目前聽到的回饋,全部都是正面的反應。我想人們一定很樂意參與其中,因為大家可以在這個佳節做一些符合節日精神,又與眾不同的事情。」 如果你打算捐錢給慈善機構,但是又想確保你所捐的錢是用在正確的用途,你可以嘗試使用慈善導航網站(charitynavigator.org)來幫助你。這個網站提供各種資訊,從如何保護自己以免受到詐騙到捐款前的特定問題都有。 (路透社) Feeling light in the wallet but generous of heart this holiday season? You can still benefit your favorite cause -- without spending a dime -- via a host of fun and easy Web sites. Among the most popular charity sites is Free Rice (www.freerice.com), with some 500,000 daily visitors looking to play word games and at the same time donate food for the hungry. Sponsors, who run advertisements on the site, pay for the food. Free Rice is the brainchild of computer programmer John Breen, who came up with the idea of a vocabulary game to help his son prepare for college entrance exams. Breen later decided the game could also be used to help charities and teamed up with the United Nations World Food Program (WFP). Here's how it works: A word pops up on the home page of the site, with four short definitions listed below. When you click on the right answer, 20 grains of rice are donated to the WFP by the site's advertisers. So far, more than 10 billion grains have been donated. "We get phone calls all day long about the site. People love it, they are delighted by it," said Bettina Luescher, a WFP spokeswoman. "A school child can play this game and a nuclear scientist can play this game." Those who want to skip the word games have plenty of other click-to-give charities to choose from, including The Animal Rescue Site (www.theanimalrescuesite.com), a partner of Petfinder.com. Each time a visitor clicks on a large purple rectangle on the right-hand side of the Web site, a donation is made to provide food and shelter for unwanted animals. It also tells you how much was donated with your click -- and the entire operation is sponsor-funded. "This is money out of nowhere," said Lisa Halstead, chief operating officer of CharityUSA.com, which runs the site. "This is money that people are contributing because they're willing to take quick action." You can shop their on-line store for jewelry, clothing and accessories, with up to 30 percent of the proceeds going to the cause. Gift packages include everything from feeding a rescued wild horse ($22) to paying a teacher's salary in Afghanistan ($40). As part of a broader network run by CharityUSA.com, breast cancer, child health, literacy, hunger and protecting endangered habitat such as the rainforest also have links to sites on which you can click to give. "We get a lot of feedback from people thanking us," said Halstead, adding that they also receive many inquiries about how the system works. Meanwhile, some corporations are getting into the act, moving away from fruit cakes, mouse pads, and desk calendars as gifts for business contacts during the holidays. Take marketing company NSI, which last year came up with an idea to send "Joy of Giving" holiday cards to clients, staff and vendors with a link to its seasonal Web site. Once there, the "Joy of Giving" card recipient can click on one of 10 charities, including the American Cancer Society, Make-A-Wish Foundation, and Humane Society of Missouri. NSI will then make a donation to the charities depending on the number of clicks each one received. NSI Chief Executive Mark Montavani said the response this year had been even better than in 2006 from the roughly 1,000 card recipients. "I've never heard anything but positive response. I think people really like to be included," he said. "The bottom line is it's nice to be able to do something that's a little bit different and in the spirit of the season." If you want to donate to a charity but need assurance that your money is used in the best possible way, try one of the Web sites to help guide you. Charity Navigator (charitynavigator.org/), for example, rates charities and provides tips on everything from protecting yourself from scams to specific questions to ask before donating. REUTERS |
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